Customer Relationship Strategies For The Restaurants Essay

SERVICE BLUEPRINT Done (dan has this, please print or attach) CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP STRATEGIES 1. BRANDING COMMUNICATION STRATEGY RECOMMENDATIONS †¢ Ensure the food is comparable to other restaurants in the same price bracket †¢ Have a clean and presentable dà ©cor in line with market established expectations of French restaurants. †¢ Create a uniform clothing standard for all front and rear staff suitable to their positions. I.e. a suit for the Maitre d’, white collar shirt and black pants and shoes for waiters, chef garb from chefs etc. †¢ Staff hiring and selection process focus on hiring those with the best ‘heart’ concerning delivering customer services, rather than focusing on the most experienced. †¢ Adequate and ongoing training is provided to staff that reflects the restaurants understanding of its customers’ expectations. †¢ The staff should be briefed and be able to explain the restaurants branding strategy. †¢ Staff should be able to describe in detail the menu and understand how the ingredients work together to create a dish. †¢ Horizontal communication pre and post shift meetings should be held with staff to discuss important matters regarding service and customer interactions. The beginning of a positive customer relationship is the delivery of good core services that meet the customer expectations and provide the customer with the perceived value that the restaurant promotes, i.e. as a French Restaurant, high quality meals, silver service etc is expected.Show MoreRelatedMarketing Project : Cactus Rose And Tequila Bar1242 Words   |  5 Pagesthe marketing project assigned for our group of five. Part three in the textbook is called â€Å"Reaching Your Customer† which covers chapters 8-11. Part three basically covers the different promotional strategies in order to attract your customer more to buy the product. Also, this chapter informs us the importance of the various flows of the supply chain, pricing strategies and branding strategies. This will help marketers to understand, advertise and manage the product’s goods, services, finances andRead MoreMcdonalds Marketing Analysis1653 Words   |  7 Pagesan American restaurant favorite. Howev er, in 2003 sales figures showed the fast food empire was suffering to maintain their status. Stagnant sales, rising costs, failed attempts at new menu items, falling stock price and a lagging quality and service rating by customers all have left the restaurant chain in decline. What’s the Problem? At the top for so long, McDonald’s has now found itself lacking in the areas it has long prided itself on: quality and service, according to customer surveys. Drive-thruRead MoreMarketing Operations Of The Company Essay1012 Words   |  5 Pagesanticipating and satisfying customer needs and wants at a profit in a social responsible manner. Indian Lounge is a well-designed restaurant which gives an efficient flow of service to the customers. They identify customer needs and then produce products to satisfy them. Indian Lounge restaurant has its own style of marketing and their strategies to enhance profit through customer satisfaction. Marketing Concept This concept believes that firms should identify customer need and then produce productsRead MoreAfro Caribbean Restaurant s Secondary Target Market1564 Words   |  7 PagesAfro-Caribbean Restaurant will provide a variety of food services targeting clients ageing between 10-55 years. 3. Geographically Tourists We will primarily target tourists from Africa, Caribbean and Asia. UK Afro-Caribbean Restaurant’s secondary target market will be the UK and Manchester’s residents. There are four types of market segmentation: a. Demographics variable b. Psychographics variable c. Behavioural variable d. Individual variable. The one I am going to choose for Afro-CaribbeanRead MoreMarketing Opportunities For Mango Thai Restaurant Essay720 Words   |  3 PagesAn assessment of the current marketing opportunities available to Papaya Thai restaurant reveals several important factors affecting the firm in long term marketing strategy. The firm competes in the locally owned restaurant in Melbourne city. Our current market is divided into two primary segments: residents and visitors. A company analysis shows the restaurant major strengths and weaknesses as word of mouth advertising and inability to capitalize on the visitor segment, respectively. The majorRead MoreEssay about Porter’s Five Forces Analysis of the Fast Food Industry645 Words   |  3 PagesFast Food Industry Complete a Porters Five Forces Analysis of the fast food industry and for each of the 4 generic strategies, identify one restaurant that you believe is employing that generic strategy. According to Hoovers Fast Food and Quickservice Restaurant Report, Fast food restaurants make up one of the largest food industry segments with more than 200,000 restaurants in the US. Fast food franchises are known for their low cost and high-speed products served to go as well as for a quickRead MoreCase 7 Essay examples822 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferentiation strategy to set them apart from other fast-food chains. Chick-fil-A mission was â€Å"To glorify God by being faithful steward of all that is entrusted to us and to have a positive attitude influence on all who come in contact with Chick-fil-A†, and to be â€Å"America’s best quick-serve restaurant.† One of their strategies they use to set them apart was focusing on people. This strategy included interview process, golden rule, consistent management, and loyalty and relationship. When it cameRead MoreManaging All Operations At The Restaurant1621 Words   |  7 Pagesdishwasher, and a cleaner. o Mr. Nguyen Tan Minh Triet is CEO. His responsibility is managing all operations in the restaurant such as signing contracts with suppliers, keeping contact with Government agencies, setting strategies for the whole company and many more. o Ms. Vo Thi Minh Khanh is Director. Her main duty is to manage all designing works (logo, brand name, decorating the restaurant and customizing themes, etc.) In addition, she also takes charge of the legal side of the business. Moreover,Read MoreSwot Analysis : Burger King1234 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough, it reported higher revenues in 2002 than did Burger King. the company as a whole generated $2.73 billion in revenues in 2002 , up 14.2 percent from the previous year with headquarter in Dublin , Ohio , the corporation operated over 9,000 restaurants in 33 countries worldwide . 1-STRENGTH: Several; unique features were embedded with both pitfalls and advantages The company’s super value menu was definitely one of its strongest asset. 2- WEAKNESSES: Wendy’s also offered several unique productsRead MoreSituational Analysis - Chick-fil-a Essays1672 Words   |  7 PagesSituation Analysis External environment Chick-fil-A is affected by numerous external forces which challenge upper management’s ability to make Chick-fil-A America’s best quick-service restaurant. Through intense strategic planning, based upon the vision, mission and corporate values, Chick-fil-A has been able to establish a unique position in a very competitive industry. The corporate purpose of Chick-fil-A, To glorify God by being a faithful steward of all that is entrusted to us and to have

Essay Creativity is the Essence of Technology - 593 Words

Creativity is the essence of technology we have today, without technology we would be without the most basic of equipment in our modern day lives. Could you imagine a life without cars, computers, and even houses? What would the world be like if it were deprived of these necessities? We have progressed to such a degree, that it seems almost unlikely that the human race will produce one more extraordinaire. However, without the thoughtful minds of thousands of inventors, our world would rapidly turn into one of bland repetition. In my opinion creativity is essential, without it, life would be routine and almost pointless after a point in time. Since I was very young, art has been a major part of my life. I lived for creating new things,†¦show more content†¦In literature, the book â€Å"The Reincarnation† by Suzzane Weyn describes the changes to human kind through out the centuries. Although it does not directly talk about creativity, it explains the journey of revolu tion. In the story, there is no one particular name for the main characters. Throughout the plot, Suzzane follows two people through time from the period of the Neanderthals to modern day New York. It shows how humans progressed mentally and physically. I thought â€Å"The Reincarnation† was a great example to compare to my topic because it reveals how much humans have used creativity to modernize our world. From our first weapons of rocks to todays guns, cave shelters to skyscrapers, and rough animals skins to the soft touch of cotton. It is easy to point out people in history that displayed some level of creativity. Benjamin Franklin was one of the worlds best inventors, he created the lightening rod, bifocal glasses, day lights savings time, Franklin stove, street lighting, and many more things that improve daily life. Benjamin’s curiosity determined him to find new things to create. From his childhood, he was always trying to solve puzzles, and put things together. Without Benjamin, many of today’s odds and ends would have never even been found. If one person can affect our future to such an extent, what would it be like if no one became inventors? Had Benjamin Franklin never been born, our technology would not have advanced as much as it has. His willingness toShow MoreRelatedThe Application of Biotechnological Tools1775 Words   |  7 Pageselimination of cervical cancer by seventy eight percent is another remarkable creativity of biotechnology that has changed the entire world. Creativity Biotechnology Its Positive Impact Life Introduction The application of the biotechnological tools in our daily lives has enhanced our experience and proficiency of survival. By considering the phenomenon synthesized creatively by biotechnology one can easily assert that creativity is precisely the mainstream of biotechnology. The ever expanding horizonsRead MoreEducation, Communication, And Evolution Of Human Intelligence Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesWith the improved living conditions, healthcare, communication, and evolution of human intelligence, technological advancement in the world today has grown to unprecedented levels. For example, as a result of technology, patients can remotely interact with medics located in different parts of the world through telehealth/telemedicine. In the field of education, students do not necessarily need to visit libraries to access books; there are several soft copies of books online that they can access fromRead MoreTechnology And The Field Of Education Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesWith impr oved living conditions, healthcare, communication, and evolution of human intelligence, technological advancement in the world today has grown to unprecedented levels. For example, as a result of technology, patients can remotely interact with medics located in different parts of the world through telehealth/telemedicine. In the field of education, students do not necessarily need to visit libraries to access books. There are several soft copies of books online that they can access fromRead MoreOur Education System Is Killing Creativity Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages WHERE DOES CREATIVITY COME FROM? It is often said that the creative adult is the child that survived, implying that there was some kind of death that occurred along the way. Logic knows what I had yet to figure out in leaving university; creativity cannot exist in solidarity. I cannot wake up one day and decide, â€Å"I will be creative without the preceding training and skills that are crucial to the creative process.† Dr. Larry Dossey, a physician of internal medicine says it as so: â€Å"Someone whoRead MoreInternational Society For Technology Education Standard 1 : Facilitate And Inspire Student Learning And Creativity1136 Words   |  5 PagesInternational Society for Technology in Education Standard 1: Facilitate and Inspire Student Learning and Creativity Kirstin Mills (Strow) CIMT 665 Instructional Innovation Indiana State University â€Æ' The International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) Standards encourage â€Å"teachers [to] use their knowledge of subject matter, teaching and learning, and technology to facilitate experiences that advance student learning, creativity, and innovation in both face-to-face and virtual environmentsRead MoreLiteracy between the Past and the Present600 Words   |  3 Pagesencompasses instructional techniques and pedagogy of literacy. These applications create a legacy of literacy and technology use in learning. They dominated the 20th century prompting the introduction inter-disciplinary work at the juncture created by scholarly projects and education. Over time the literacy evolved to building communication, impaction of critical thinking, and initiating creativity. The basics of literacy attract diverse educators and scholars from different fields. There is a need to captureRead MoreHow Tantra Is A Spiritual Tradition1505 Words   |  7 PagesTantra as part of the explor ation of our inherent creativity, Tantra is focused on using energy of sex and sexuality to obtain spiritual enlightenment with overtones that the physical world is something to be transcended as opposed to embracing Physical Creation and using the depth and breadth of sex as the creative tool that it is. Tantra was explored as part of the conscious journey into creativity to see what it said about sexuality and creativity. Independent of any information gained from TantraRead MoreFirms Should Get Their House in Order Before Seeking to Manage Supplier.1728 Words   |  7 PagesCreativity and Innovation in Business Prof. Danny Araneta Cabulay Dean – Institute of Accounts, Business and Finance Far Eastern University, Manila, Philippines dcabulay@feu.edu.ph Albert Einstein once said, â€Å"Imagination is more important than knowledge.† For most people, creativity is more easily associated with art than business. But the highest art form is business because one can be very creative, dynamic and revolutionary. Creativity is also related to innovation and change.Read MoreOi361 Organizational Impact Essay857 Words   |  4 Pagesin an effort to remain profitable and competitive within its chosen industry. To meet these objectives, the organization must offer quality products and services while also integrating innovation, design, and creativity. Tangela will evaluate the impact innovation, design, and creativity has on the strategy of both Lotus Elise and the shared appreciation mortgage while considering the processes, products, or services of each organization. Mental Models The four steps to changing mental modelsRead MoreBusinesses Need to Invest in Creative Thinking If They Want to Be Successful .711 Words   |  3 Pagescompany may confront in developing process. One of the major advantages is that creative thinking can help companies to improve the quality and function of products, and afterwards facilitate their occupation of the market. With the development of technology, the customers’ requirement in quality and function of products become higher and higher. Hence, under the circumstance of fierce competition, it is significant for companies to realize the importance of fulfilling customers’ requirements if they

Strategic Planning and External Analysis Tools free essay sample

Summary of key concepts and ideas from the lectures, tutorials and readings (500 words) Strategy is a roadmap designed to route the direction of the organization towards achieving its goals. Through an understanding of the organization’s vision and mission and the matching of resources and skills to the environment, the company can formulate and implement strategic plans to achieve long-term sustainable competitive advantage, meet the needs of consumers and satisfy stakeholder’s expectations (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2004). Before formulating a strategy, an organization has to gauge its current position in the market using strategic analysis. This involves the use of internal and external analysis tools to gain both an inside view of an organization and the macro environment. Internal analysis tools are used to identify and evaluate an organization’s strengths and weaknesses in terms of its resources, operational capabilities and core competencies. This gives the organization a picture of what strengths to exploit and develop further, and what weaknesses should be corrected to reduce market liability (Hill and Jones 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning and External Analysis Tools or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page External analysis tools such as Porter’s five forces gives a view of the immediate competitive environment to reveal market opportunities and threats. It allows the organization to identify the market forces, which they have little to no control over, in order to develop contingencies into their strategic plans (Porter 1980). Dynamic capabilities such as SWOT analysis, is a combination of internal and external analysis to reflect an organization’s ability to adapt to volatile markets (Teece 2009). The strategic analysis process would provide a comprehensive overview of an organization’s competency, which then provides the basis for strategic formulation. A suitable approach to strategy formulation would strongly depend on the size and nature of the organization. One method that can be applied across different industries as well as organizations sizes is Porter’s generic strategy. It involves three different strategy classification; low cost leadership, product differentiation and target market focus (Porter 1980). Another method is Miles and Snow’s (1978) typology. It suggests that competing organizations are characterized based on their individual view of the competitive environment and how they allocate resources accordingly. The four basic categories are defender, prospector, analyzer, and reactor. Formulated strategies are not always acted upon, but may serve as a learning process towards more efficient strategy formulation. Allio (2005) states â€Å"immediately following the formal ratification of the firm’s vision and set of strategies, implementation can begin in earnest†. However, implementation of a strategy is considered the greatest challenge due to the risk of setbacks such as the lack of communication throughout the organization, unclear planning as well as poor monitoring and controls. Lastly, a key performance index is used to measure the current or future success of a strategy. It should be closely monitored as it measures performance aspects, which are critical towards the success of the organization (Paramenter 2007). Plans never always work out as anticipated, and contingency plans should be established to better prepare for unforeseen events (Steiner 1979). Therefore, strategy management should be treated with the utmost importance, as it differentiates between the success and failure of the firm. Section 2: Application of key concepts and ideas to the current business news (600 words) Griffin and Kucera (2012) article talks about PayPal’s tie up with Discover to achieve a competitive edge and strengthen its market position. By applying Porter’s five forces (1980) to access their strategic position, majority of forces are posing a challenge for PayPal and Discover. There is high competitive rivalry amongst major credit card companies with Discover  trailing after Visa, MasterCard and American Express (Barr 2012). Forecasted to surpass $171. 5 billion in 2012, up from a value of $105. 9 billion in 2011 (Gartner 2012), the burgeoning mobile payment market has attracted a high number of new entrants. Many major companies are creating their own individual systems to compete for a share of the market. One example is the Isis system by the major telecommunication companies (Johnson 2012). Finally, there is a high threat of substitute as consumers might find it more convenient to simply use cash or swipe their plastic card as compared to the new mobile payment method (Passy 2012). However, one market grabbing force is the low bargaining power of suppliers as the merchants supplying the service would be subjected to lower transaction costs under the PayPal system as compared to their counterparts (Hamblen 2012). Nevertheless, the bargaining power of customers in conjunction to new entrants and substitutes remains high, as there are just too many choices to choose from. Therefore, PayPal and Discover are in an unfavorable position. Welch’s (2012) article talks about how Campbell is innovating its soup products to meet the taste of a new generation. Through the use of the SWOT analysis (Andrews 1971), majority of factors prove positive. With the threat of a declining domestic soup market and difference in preference of a younger generation, it presents Campbell with an opportunity to innovate and differentiate its products in order to achieve market growth (Schultz 2012). Relying on its strengths to introduce new and innovative products fast, Campbell was able to generate a line of new products to address the needs of the new generation. However, Campbell’s weakness lies in the high selling price of its new line of products, three times the price of a can of normal soup. This along with the threat of cheaper alternatives by their competitors, such as Healthy Choice, may prove detrimental to Campbell’s success. Nevertheless, Campbell has had previous successes with higher priced products due to their strength to innovate their products towards the needs of the consumers. They also invest millions in target marketing and merchandising to extend its reach to consumers (Todd 2012). Therefore, it is a good strategy. Edwards (2012) article talks about GameStop’s shifted efforts into the refurbishing of Apple products to counter a declining market. Using the Boston Consulting Group’s Growth Share Matrix (Phadtare 2011), this strategy shows high return potential. With the decline of the gaming industry, sales fell by 25% from last year (Tassi 2012), GameStop’s former ‘Star’ which is the sale of new and used gaming hardware and software, has shifted into a ‘Cash Cow’ due to the decline of market growth. This shift presents an investment opportunity for ‘Question Mark’ to become a ‘Star’, through the conversion from a console game supplier, into the repair and resale of  Apple gadgets. However, with the dwindling interest of consumer to purchase overpriced resale items (Munarriz 2012), GameStop’s ‘Cash Cow’ would eventually shift to a ‘Dog’, providing difficulty in profit generation. There is also a risk that their ‘Question Mark’ would not become a ‘Star’ and just cost large efforts with little return. Nevertheless, Apple products still presents the biggest opportunity due to its large consumer base of over 230 million apple devices. Just by reselling 5 percent of the market, GameStop stands to gain $1 billion of new revenue over the next few years.

Journal Of Change Management Organizational -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journal Of Change Management Organizational? Answer: Introducation Also manufacturing other computer related devices like: motherboard chipsets, network interface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphics chips, embedded processors. During the 1990s, the company heavily invested in new microprocessor designs nurturing the speedy development of the computer industry (Company Overview, 2017). They became a dominant supplier of microprocessors for PCs during that period. Their aggressive and anti-competitive tactics helped in creating a marketing position, mainly against Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). Intel is consequently involved in expanding the business operations by acquiring new business. Vision of Intel is to become the market leader. The purpose of the organization is to gain competencies and to develop the flexibility in the business. The efficient control system of Intel allow in gaining competencies (Booth, 2015). Strength Intel is a globally recognized brand name with a strong brand loyalty. It is a pioneer of micro processor for Pc. Well-known producer of semiconductor chip It has currently occupied 80 percent of the market share. The strategy of the company is merging with the international companies in order to gain competencies. It is considered as worlds top 100 most influential brands. Weakness Intel was using divisive strategies to gain a competitive position against other. After 2000, Intel has lost the position of a leading business in the field. Reformation in 2006 has led to a dismissal of 10,500 employees Intel has not achieved economies of scale throughout the long history. The retail price is higher than the other competitor in the market. The company is confined to a small sector and still has not occupied the Ultra-mobile processor market (Christensen and Christensen, 2003). Opportunity They should focus on developing customer competencies by customizing the product accordingly Product development and market penetration is important for the business on a long run. Advancement of technology helps in offering better product to the people Intel is changing at a rapid pace developing innovative strategies. In such a condition it has to lead the way through better market strategies. Diversification is important for the business in order to gain competencies in growing market segment They can focus on backward and forward integration to improve the quality of the product. They can incorporate changes in a better way through improvement in the technology and mechanism. Threat Advancement in technology affects the ongoing products and facilities There is a strong price war in between the companies Lack of brand loyalty Currency changeability creates a problem There is a strong competition in the market They are facing strong political turbulence due to market instability. Kaleidoscope Intel has been facing issues at the time when the CEO Otellini took over. The company was facing difficulty from the Netburst (microprocessor). Due to this situation, the company lost a market position incurred loss. The expenses of the company were increasing that created a concern. Under Ortellinis direction, Intel lost the chances to be the main manufacturer for low-power chips. Krzanich, the recent CEO of Intel, didnt institute the right strategies to get better profit. The cause behind the unsatisfactory pecuniary situation and its need of achievement in the Smartphone and tablet market was its incompetency to serve the regular market need (Bradley, 2016). The Mobile phone service providers were focusing more on the organization such Amazon, Facebook and Google and supplementary parallel company. The company is deficient in enhanced mobile services which resulted in a decline of buyers. In the recent time the business option of mobile device has increased (Bridges and Bridges, 2 017). Plans and Techniques are used to solve the Issue taking place in the International Consumer electronics. The new division of Intel processor needs to feature effective measures by making various add-on features. The new devices made by the company are attractive to the customer and the end-users. They have to add on functions to solve the end users problems. In order to gain market competencies, it is recommended to form venture with the other business organization (Cameron and Green, 2015). Old Web Culture By the end, Intel is planning to bring the final products to the general market. The company management has decided that Intel would provide products as per the market needs. The business has to devise examine, plan, and widen strategies to develop the wearable device. The plan is to develop an effective market strategy in order to gain competency. There is a constant need to develop quality product to gain quality chips market. The company wants to pace up the complete procedure of assembling novel chips in order to gain lower-power goods. They have invented new processor, Quark, to incorporate into every appliance. The Wearable expedient mobile devices are probable market for Intel to focus upon (Cummings and Worley, 2014). Most importantly, Intels factories are better gadget for moving the business into the new market. This is helping Intel to perform in a better way in meeting its vision. This has clearly provided with a vision to attract energized people. This help in creating meaning to employees lives, and set up the standard of excellence. In this way employees can gain futuristic vision. They are certainly determining the changes that are taking place in the technology system (Daft, 2014). All These changes are intended to uphold organizational stability and arrangement. All these changes are incremental to the organization and takes place as a organizational strategy to gain market competencies The star model helps in delivering changes taking place in the surrounding by establishing an appropriate structure. Strategy helps in determining the process of achieving organizational goals. The game plan management helps in ensuring a sustainable position in a market that help in attracting clientele, participate fruitfully, and accomplish organizational objectives (Gibbons, 2015). Strategy They are Growing PC Datacenter dealing with innovative users expand Intel solution to gain adjoining market segment To produce variety of secured personal computing To Care for people and the environment The position of decision is important for the organization in meeting the objectives. This helps in empowering decision-making in a decentralized way. The purpose is to help in decision making process. This has a direct exposure to happening of the consequences and claim of approaches. With a better outcome, it is possible to gain competencies in changing market scenario (Gollenia, 2016). New Web Culture The decision making process Increase market share in chip hence helps in increasing employees contribution to the organization. It helps in decreasing the capital as well as operating expenses. In order to understand the existing situations, it is important to enlarge strategies to make good choices. These alternatives help employees in decision making and allow in looking for alternative to meet the end result. In order to expand their options this is the possible mean to improve the quality of decision making and to achieve desirable outcome. The company has established accountability and timelines for achievement and setting up a feedback cycle to monitor performance. By Paying attention to closure it is possible for the company is required to understand the current situations and to develop strategies accordingly. These alternative help the company in attaining good quality product. In order to remain compete tent enough in the market it is necessary to aid the organization to ge t closer to the goals (Palmer, Dunford and Akin, 2009). Rewards help in encouraging employees and to monitor desired behavior the employment, selection, and growth of the right people. Employees are given a choice to demonstrate their talent to the organization. The Talent management software helps in implementation of organizational culture and aspect (Storey, 2007). This assist in controlling infrastructure objective location and arrangement: 1) Successfully hold on to top performers of the company 2) Establish employee ratio in significant technology placement 3) To put the right person in an organization to gain competencies. 4) To determine the skill that is critical to the organization 5) To plan and expand an effective employment strategies for the company 6) To check employees efficiency (Turner Parish, Cadwallader and Busch, 2008) In order to understand the competitive advantage, it is important to manage the organizational level, strategic communication in order to meet organizational goals. The purpose is to meet the effective communication strategies in order to meet stakeholders interest while collaborating more effectively. This will help in achieving strategic communication plan while collaborating with the organizational objectives. In order to gain competencies, it is advantageous to identify organizational goals, Dialogue effectively with partners and to identify the key strategic message across the organization. These strategies allow in Incorporating systematic feedback and help in measuring communication facilities to achieve its goals (Weiner, 2009). Design Options The statement given by the management is improving the professional lives, and it set the standard for their employees. By Setting clear and demanding goals for employees it is possible to achieve the goals to give a sense of direction. The Managers can provide feedbacks to employees in order to gain their goals. Intel is striving hard to become the pioneer of computing solution in the market. Through its holistic approach the company is providing with an effective business solution to individual and company around the world. This is proving to be supporting technology services (Armenakis and Harris, 2009). Goals for Recent Change 1) They are Designing and developing unique technology to gain market goal 2) The purpose is to solve practical problem through personal technology 3) Intel is providing with fashionable life style in support of personal technology (Bargal and Schmid, 2012). 4) The overall purpose is to connect personal technology to cloud computing. This will enables communication surrounded by various technology devices (Dunne and Martin, 2006). Change Vision There are majority of changes taking place in the surroundings that need to be dealt with utmost care. The changes are classified in the article could be classified as first order and increm1ent. These changes involve adjustments in systems, processes, or structures (Boonstra, 2008). However these changes do not involve fundamental change in strategy, core values, or corporate identity. Intel can gain a competitive advantage by Incorporating Intel chip into various wearable devices. This will work as a smart strategy for the company. Wearable technology is one of the top-most features in the areas of consumer technology. The wearable technology will triple from $10 billion in 2013 to $30 billion in 2018 (Benn, Dunphy and Griffiths, 2014). Interventions The purpose is to ensure effectiveness in order to gain collective company change process. Performance Management Software is a process that allows managers to employee capability and dexterity rating, goal, appointment, promotions, and salary percentage increase. This allows managers to line up with employee goals to the companys goal. This facilitate the managers to expand workforce to Prioritize critical goals. The Employee can distinguish in an effective way in a better way. This allow in enabling goal to track specific team and department (Cummings and Worley, 2014). The Goal tracking is able to achieve each goal as its existing status. This is helping manager to gain competencies while reviewing the process. The Variable pay programs are used to enlarge employee answerability and arrange in a line employee reward package. The total plan allows gaining a diverse employees relationship to reach goals. This will help in Review feedbacks in gaining better understanding regarding the overall process (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). This strategy helps in managing the strengths and weakness in an effective way. They understand the importance of performance appraisal in measuring employee performance. The feedback measure allow in managing the organizational competency. The assessments help in offering feedback in managing change procedure (Hayes, 2014). The reason is to manage the purpose to meet the goal and to gain competencies. The change management helps in implementation of strategy at work. The purpose is to implement change in order to analyze changes as per the necessity. The magnitude of change will help in managing segment of the organization. The change management allow in communicating needs to vibrantly describe changes in the better way. Intel has implemented the changes in an effective way (Huczynski and Buchanan, 2010). The change management is to gain competencies for employee personally. This is to meet the results in order to benefit the business. The purpose of the entire leadership team is t o manage the change. The purpose of the new behavioral change is to ask employee to recognize and become accustomed to achieve individual accountability. It is important for the organization to gain competencies by procuring effective results. The leadership teams are encouraged to develop themselves as na active members of change. Every employee in the company actively give ideas, viewpoint, and act to bear the complete organization change. In order to facilitate lifelong change, the entire HR system, help in processing, organizational structures in a better way. This allow in supporting the change efforts and the goals (Rothwell et al 2009). The HR department has a strategy to develop competencies through the process of Performance management, professional development. This help in managing HR strategy in order to financial change. This help in creating meaning to employees lives, and set up the standard of excellence. In this way employees can gain futuristic vision. Intel has to implement the changes taking place in the technology world. In this way they are able to gain markt competencies. These changes are developed tp be incorporated in the organizational structure (Turner Parish, Cadwallader and Busch, 2008). Role of Organization's Management and HR Function The human resource department has a major role to develop competitiveness in the employees. It encourages the employees to perform well in order to gain competitive advantage. The products and services guarantee long term sustainable growth in the organization. competitor by developing better value. The human resource department has to implement the strategic value in reality through the strategic vision of the organization. The purpose of the strategy is to be focused in gaining bottom line competencies. Intel has to create copetetive advantage against the other global brands. This market strategy will allow them to stay at the top position. Macro environment is important for a business to take advantage of the situation. For gaining competencies it is recommended to conduct a survey to communicate result. In order to gain competencies this is evident to make certain application. It is an effective way to aware vision in order to gain better direction. The company lacks better mobil e services which resulted in a decline in number of buyers. In the recent time the buying option of mobile device has increased. Plans and Techniques are used to solve the Issue taking place in the International Consumer electronics. The new division of Intel processor needs to feature effective measures by making various add-on features (Weiner, 2009). Conclusion To conclude, Intel has to develop effectiveness in managing the organizational change management. These changes will allow in gaining competencies in order to manage the changes in the organization. This report assesses places where Intel lacks. The company lacks better mobile services which resulted in a decline in number of buyers. In the recent time the buying option of mobile device has increased. Plans and Techniques are used to solve the Issue taking place in the International Consumer electronics. Although the company has an aggressive and anti-competitive tactics helped in creating a market position, mainly against Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). These strategies help in gaining a competitive market and to gain goal. On a long run, if Intel wants to grow, it has to develop better growth opportunities. The changes incorporated in the organization can be used to manage effectiveness in a better way. One can adopt the changes and to adopt better services. By implementing the chang e management models, it is possible to manage the changes taking place in the organization. In order to gain competitive advantage in the market it is necessary to grow as per the market requirements. This will allow the company in managing the changes on a long run. Intel is looking forward to implement an effective computing technology to connect people. All these changes are supportive from the point of view of gaining long-term market competencies. The change management practice is rewarding for the organization and cretes multifold opportunities. References Armenakis, A.A. and Harris, S.G., 2009. Reflections: Our journey in organizational change research and practice.Journal of Change Management,9(2), pp.127-142. Bargal, D. and Schmid, H., 2012. operations change and development in human service organizations. Routledge. Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014.Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Boonstra, J. ed., 2008.Dynamics of organizational change and learning. John Wiley Sons. Booth, S. A. 2015. Crisis management strategy: Competition and change in modern enterprises. Routledge. Bradley, G. 2016. Benefit Realisation Management: A practical guide to achieving benefits through change. CRC Press. Bridges, W., and Bridges, S. 2017. Managing transitions: Making the most of change. Da Capo Press. Cameron, E. and Green, M., 2015.Making sense of change management: a complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Christensen, C.M. and Christensen, C.M., 2003.The innovator's dilemma: The revolutionary book that will change the way you do business(p. 320). New York, NY: HarperBusiness Essentials. Company Overview,2017. Online. Available at: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/company-overview/company-overview.html Accessed on: 22 September 2017 Cummings, T. G., and Worley, C. G. 2014. Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Daft, R.L., 2014. The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Dunne, D. and Martin, R., 2006. Design thinking and how it will change management education: An interview and discussion.Academy of Management Learning Education,5(4), pp.512-523. Gibbons, P. 2015. The Science of Successful management Change: How Leaders Set Strategy, Change Behavior, and Create an Agile Culture. FT Press. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Gollenia, L. A. 2016. Business transformation management methodology. Routledge. Hayes, J., 2014.The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Huczynski, A. and Buchanan, D.A., 2010.Organizational behaviour. Financial Times Prentice Hall. Palmer, I., Dunford, R. and Akin, G., 2009. Managing organizational change: A multiple perspectives approach. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Rothwell, W.J., Stavros, J.M., Sullivan, R.L. and Sullivan, A. eds., 2009.Practicing organization development: A guide for leading change(Vol. 34). John Wiley Sons. Storey, J., 2007. Human resource management: A critical text. Cengage Learning EMEA. Turner Parish, J., Cadwallader, S. and Busch, P., 2008. Want to, need to, and ought to: employee commitment to organizational change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 21(1), pp.32-52. Weiner, B.J., 2009. A theory of organizational readiness for change. Implementation science, 4(1), p.67.

Inside Mr. Enderby Review Essay Example

Inside Mr. Enderby Review Paper Essay on Inside Mr. Enderby Inside Mr. Enderby one of the five novels that were written by Anthony Burgess during 1960. Such incredible productivity is explained very simply: the doctors discovered Burgess inoperable brain tumor and said that 1960 will be the last year of his life; Here he began to scribble novel after novel, hoping to somehow secure the future of his wife. The main character, tongue-tied, untidy, prematurely decrepit poet Enderby leading musty, semi-vegetatation existence in the resort town on the coast of the English Channel, then business gets into trouble: suffering flatulence, it is at the most inopportune moments obscenely loud emits winds (during the opening speech of the ambitious publisher Goodby, who wanted to make him happy literary prize, or while meeting with a sudden Detect ivsheysya venerator, beauty-journalist Vesta Bainbridge); he was constantly threatened by jealous husbands even though this demure deathly afraid of women; dish cooked them according to the recipe of the ladies magazine, which nearly sends him to the hereafter, because instead of a delicious and nutritious Surprise of spaghetti with cheese, he bungled something unimaginable from the burning test and untreated cloves of garlic; Finally, roguish fellow writers presented in all anthologies grafomanskim one single poem, steals his idea of ​​ a symbolic poem about the Minotaur and Christ, concocting a scenario costume thriller. We will write a custom essay sample on Inside Mr. Enderby Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Inside Mr. Enderby Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Inside Mr. Enderby Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Sam Enderby is frankly farcical figure. His study combined bathroom with a bathtub filled to the brim littered with manuscripts. Creates this unfortunate poet sitting on the toilet, so that writing poetry is often accompanied by defecation, crackling explosions in the gut and body exhausts, which more often than would be desirable, Burgess played using intricate onomatopoeia: Pfffrummpfff Brrrrrp .. . Perrpf it should be noted that Enderbys poems is something unimaginable. After all, the man closed in his squalid apartment, and inspiration necessary to draw from everything that comes their way: in ancient and Christian mythology, in the objects rented flats, in the water for washing, a roll of toilet paper but not in the life that proceeds beyond his bachelor lair. And although many of his poems is only laughter and more like the digestive process with all its phases, from behind them, and then I want to read this unfortunate saga about poor poet. After all, Therefore, even small, give the right words, and a little pride is able to surpass the great envy » You can laugh a lot, or, conversely, sniff, looking at Enderby and the situations in which he finds himself. But it is impossible not to notice how ridiculous and color Burgess novel, so he and tragic. This is the fate of the poet in our century is not poetic. Burgess locked poet in the bathroom, and his manuscripts of poems only needed to rats who built one myself a hole and live there without fear or Enderby, nor his flatulence. But some of Enderbys poems , one small excerpts:  «When the last great judge will be Points to consider, Do not announce youve won or not, but look, He knew how I play  »  « For the moment of parting a point in time, Which is devoid of length And it is not able to cast shadows Last  »

Music

Music Film Showing in EnglishThe Book ThiefGifted HandsLike Stars On EarthSubmitted by: Siojo, Louisa Mae S.Section: NS1-o1Book ThiefSummaryThe Book Thief is narrated by Death, who tells a story of a ten years old girl named Liesel Meminger. It's January 1939, Liesel, her mother and his brother Werner are being taken to the small town of Molching, just outside of Munich, Germany, to live with foster parents Hans and Rosa Hubermann. Werner died in the train f mysterious causes having to do with poverty, hunger, cold, and lack of medical treatment. Her mother buries the boy in a cemetery by the tracks and Liesel picks up a book, "The Gravediggers Handbook", which was fell from a young grave diggers coat on the grave of her brother and brings it with her. When she arrived to her new home Liesel is reluctant to enter the Hubermann house on Himmel Street, but is coaxed by her foster father, Hans, to whom she takes an immediate liking.The Band ConcertWe meet five days a week, and play five days a week. Being a member of the Concert Band is not only a great opportunity to practice the wonderful collection of songs we play, but is always fun. Some of my best friends I know are people that I met through the band and they are ones I have been playing since elementary school. It feels nice to know that it is possible to be with your friends every day doing something you all share a passion for. I can come into the class confidently that I will always have a great time with exceptional instruction. Our band director, Mrs. Bollaro, is there every day to help us master our music. Not only does she provide great tips to all of us, we...

Health Care System and Policies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Health Care System and Policies - Research Paper Example Below are significant highlights of healthcare policies in America that are sequenced in a timeline: a. 1798 – Legislatures passed the act for the establishment of federal network of hospitals to serve the sick and disabled seaman or merchant seaman. This is considered as the foundation of the current US Public Health Service (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); b. 1862 – Former President Abraham Lincoln appointed Charles M. Wetherill, a chemist, to head the Department of Agriculture and established the Bureau of Chemistry which became the foundation of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); c. 1871 - US government created the office of Surgeon General (formerly known as Supervising Surgeon) for the Marine Hospital Service (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); d. 1878 – Legislator passed the National Quarantine Act to focus on quarantine functions (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); e. 1887- The federal government established and opened a one-room laboratory at Staten Island tasked to conduct extensive study on diseases and inspired the creation of National Institute of Health (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); f. ... 1906 – The Pure Food and Drugs Act was legislated to regulate the safety of medicines made and sold by pharmaceutical industry (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); i. 1912 – Former President Theodore Roosevelt wanted the establishment of Children’s Bureau to deal with issues on child exploitation (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); j. 1921 – The federal government created the Bureau of India Affairs Health Division which became the foundation in the creation of Indian Health Service (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); k. 1930 - The government institutionalized the National Institutes of Health as an independent office from Public Health Service’s Hygienic Laboratory (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); l. 1935 – Legislators passed the Social Security Act (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); m. 1938 – The Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic law was legislated (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); n. 1939 - Federal pr ogram and activities on health, education and health insurance were consolidated when Federal Security Agency was established (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); o. 1946 - The government institutionalized the Communicable Disease Center which became responsible on the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (US National Library of Medicine, 2012); p. 1953 – Under the administration of former President Eisenshower, the Department of Health, Education and Welfare was established in 1953. Anent to its operational specialization, the Department of Education Organization Act was legislated to make the office totally independent. DHEW was renamed as Department of Health and Human Services officially in May 4, 1980 (US

Spanish Cuisine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Spanish Cuisine - Essay Example There are several fantastic contributions as well as influences (from Arabs and Romans who conquered Spain and stayed there) to Spanish cuisine and recipes. However, other dishes came from American and European influences and later adaptations were made to suit the Spanish taste. As a matter of fact, food prepared in Spain is usually abundant, fresh, as well as filled with flavor. In addition, Spaniards dearly love their food. It is important to note that the 2 essential ingredients that are must in Spanish food include garlic and olive oil. However, since Spain comprises of discrete geographical zones, settled by various cultural and ethnic groups, in addition to varying weather from one region to another, the regional cuisines vary a lot. The following are typical Spanish ingredients as well as food. The first ingredient is olive oil which is also called lard. Spain being the world’s largest producer of olive oil grows numerous olives all over the country and it is therefore no surprise that several Spanish dishes are prepared using this ingredient. Secondly is the Ham or jamon in Spanish which is a much cherished food and Spaniards take it very seriously and usually will pay a lot for quality ham. In fact, Spaniards are so proud of their ham that they have many museums for the same. The third common cuisine is seafood and fish. Spain is found in Iberian Peninsula and thus surrounded by water on 3 sides; there is always plenty of fresh seafood in the markets. Spaniards thus consume shellfish or fish every day. Anything, ranging from shrimp to halibut, in addition to octopus as well as baby eels is widespread on restaurant menus and markets. The fourth delicacy is cheeses which are of great quality and can be f ound everywhere in Spain. Spaniards make cheeses from goat, cow, sheep, milk as well as mixed milks. Various kinds vary from soft cheeses like

Drinking and Driving in the United States Essay

Drinking and Driving in the United States - Essay Example Overview Drunk driving is an avoidable problem especially with self responsibility. Increasing number of arrests might have little to do against this offence. Alcohol tends to damage the Central Nervous System of an individual. When the BAC level is at .10 percent the ability to take proper decisions gets damaged and the drivers lose control on the steering. He lacks the alertness necessary to understand if a danger lay ahead in the street and the response time is delayed. The vision is also disturbed due to a high BAC level. In some cases there might be difficulty in understanding the traffic signal colors and the capacity to differentiate them (Goodenough, Wallance and McGuire, 12-15). Drunk drivers might also face the problem of driving safely during the night or redeem from the glare of light in minimum possible time. Under such situation and in the absence of self awareness is an individual the enforcement of the law comes to play a role. However apart from the level of enforcem ent, it is important for the public to know the laws. Background Any decision of a driver which is impaired by alcohol intake can result in danger for others or the driver taking abnormal risks. It might lead to the driver taking improper turns and misjudgments regarding the speed and the right roads. Jerky movements and sharp turns might result owing to drunk driving. This might alarm the other travelers or the normal drivers. In US a Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) of .08 or more is considered to be above the legal ceiling in all the states (NHTSA). As per the NHTSA findings, in 2003 less than 9 percent of the drivers with a BAC of 0.08 percent or more and involved in crashes involving deaths were repeat offenders of drunk driving who were under one or more accusations of DWI (driving while intoxicated) – â€Å"Drivers with a BAC of 0.08% or higher involved in fatal crashes were eight times more likely to have a prior conviction for DWI than were drivers with no alcohol in the ir system.† (CDC; Wren) Position statement: Drunk driving being a criminal offence in US, is one of the major causes of deaths due to motor accidents in the country. Appeals and Evidence In the United States of America drunken driving is included under the specific criminal offence of DUI or Driving Under Influence. The most striking as well as pitiful information that makes it justified to regard drunk driving as a criminal offence is that in 2008 deaths due to dunk driving contributed to 32 percent of total car accidental deaths in 2008. According to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in 2007 amongst the motor vehicles related fatal accidents around 32 percent were the outcome of alcohol impaired driving especially with drivers having BAC of .08 or more. During the span 1995 to 2006 incidences of injuries related to motor vehicle collisions admitted was 8272 out of which motor cycle and mopped crashes contributed to 12 percent and amongst them 24.5 of the motorcy clists and 39 percent of moped operators were impaired by alcohol (Christmas, Brintzenhoff, and Schmelzer, 305). When notes in absolute terms, the total deaths come to 37261 and 11773 were due to drunk driving. During the night the drivers were more likely to drink and hence death

Hollys Coffee Based In Korea Franchising In Singapore Marketing Essay

Hollys Coffee Based In Korea Franchising In Singapore Marketing Essay Thanks to the growing popularity for Korean pop and Korean dramas, they are the main influences in recent years. To benefit from the trend, Hollys Coffee, being the largest coffee chain in Korea will venture into Singapore through master franchising to gain market share in the Food and Beverage industry. Hollys Coffee will distinguish itself from the rest of the coffee chain in Singapore by bringing their uniqueness and culture to Singapore. Hollys Coffee will emphasize on its brand promotion and advertisement to allow Singaporeans to be aware of the brand. This report will further introduce how Hollys Coffee set its global strategy, the opportunities and the challenges faced. Company Background Hollys Coffee is a specialty coffee company head headquartered in Korea. The company was established in 1998 and opened Koreas first espresso shop that year. Its shops offer espresso, coffee, tea, coffee- and tea-based cold and hot specialty drinks, a variety of pastries and other snacks, and coffee supplies. By 2008, there were more than 100 Hollys Coffee shops in Korea, and the franchise had expanded with additional stores in Japan, China and Malaysia. It has a barista academy called the Hollys Coffee Academy Country Background South Korea has a market economy which ranks 15th in the world by nominal GDP and 12th by purchasing power parity (PPP), identifying it as one of the G-20 major economies. It is a high-income developed country, with a developed market, and is a member of OECD (Organization for the Economic Co-operation and Development). On top of that, it is a country filled with rich culture and heritage. Koreas population is one of the most ethnically and linguistically homogenous in the world. Virtually all Koreans share a common cultural and linguistic heritage. With 48.7 million people inhabiting an area roughly the size of Indiana, South Korea has one of the worlds highest population densities. Other financial organizations like the World Bank describe Korea as one of the fastest-growing major economies of the next generation along with BRIC and Indonesia. South Korea was one of the few developed countries that were able to avoid a recession during the global financial crisis and its economic growth rate will reach 6.1% in 2010, a sharp recovery from economic growth rates of 2.3% in 2008 and 0.2% in 2009 when the global financial crisis hit. Entry Strategy Hollys Coffee will enter Singapore through master franchising method that allows individuals or corporations to buy the rights to sub-franchise within some specific countries. This is to minimize risk when it enters the country where its brand is seldom familiar to the local community as well as it is difficult to attract investments. It is essential to motivate franchisee to serve more people. Franchising can provide high motivation to franchisees as they just need to pay fixed royalty. It means that more customers they serve customers, the more profit they can expect. The most popular franchises are those with widely recognized brand names. In fact, the brand name or trademark of a company is normally the single important item desired by the franchisee. Having K-pop influences all over the round, the Korean fans must have heard of Hollys coffee since it is the largest coffee chain in Korea and on top of that, there were dramas and variety shows that were screened in the cafes as well. Franchising is an entry mode that allows for rapid geographic expansion. Company often gains competitive advantage by being first in seizing a market opportunity. Franchisers can benefit from the cultural knowledge and know-how of local mangers. This helps lower the risk of the business failure in unfamiliar markets and can create a competitive advantage. Marketing and RD Strategies There are two entry strategies of Hollys Coffee one is to introduce products that have Korean own characteristic, another is to differentiate with other coffee brands by focusing on side menus like waffle or patisserie. However, there are a lot of its own domestic coffee retailers in Singapore and Hollys Coffee is still not well-known to local people. Thus, it is very important to make Singaporeans aware of its brand and Hollys Coffee might be exposed to the financial risk linked with heavy marketing expenditure such as brand promotion and advertisement in the course of spreading its brand. Another key point of marketing approach would be unique selling point. There are a lot of coffee shop with varies target groups with their own brand all over the world, however, only few big brands have gained majority of market shares. Gaining public awareness by promoting a unique selling point as advertisement would be a good strategy. A global marketing strategy can also be successful if the firm has managed to change local preferences. A new product entering a local market will usually change preferences to some degree, whether by new features, promotion, or price. One of the good selling points to  stand on the  market  share of  cafe business  in Singapore could be either theme, or products. At the end of the day, it depends on whether the products or the theme of the cafe house attracts the customers, and subsequently the business sustains. To coffee lovers, they are looking for good coffee for sure; to non-coffee lovers, perhaps they are looking out for a place to rest with a drink and at the same time to enjoy the ambient of the cafe house. Uniqueness of the products as mentioned above, whereby to bring in the sweet potato latte definitely catches attention of the locals. By bringing in local product to overseas  stands chance in penetrating overseas market, ultimately the overseas acceptance will also be the significant factor whether it helps to boost up sales. With Korean trends being so popular, Hollys coffee may consider to implement with things that may relate to the Korean dramas or song. Opportunities and Challenges In Singapore, It is quite challenging to stand for market share in Singapore for cafe Food Beverage sector, especially there are a lot of its own domestic coffee retailers or popular brands already well known in the market, i.e. Coffee Bean, Starbucks which makes Hollys Coffee rarely known to local people. Thus, it is very important to make Singaporeans aware of its brand and bring out the uniqueness of this Korean cafe especially the sweet potato latte that that is not available in Singapore.  By bringing in Korea characters as a theme of cafe  could be  a good selling point and marketing strategy. As for business strategy, international strategy could be the appropriate strategy since its going to maintain Korea theme cafe. Therefore, Hollys Coffee might be exposed to the financial risk linked with heavy marketing expenditure such as brand promotion and advertisement in the course of spreading its brand. It is important to come up with the marketing and promotions to introduce to the locals about Hollys coffee, as it is not easy to change the taste and preference when they are used to the existing brands. On top of that, it is expensive to start up a cafà © in Singapore, therefore it is important to have a detailed breakdown of the startup cost like registration and licensing, and other operating expenses as well. Evaluation and Conclusion All thanks to the influences of Korean pop to all over the world, there are more people getting more interested in Korean culture and heritage. There is an average of 20,000 Koreans residing in Singapore. Many Koreans will start to patronize Hollys coffee when it opens in Singapore. Singapore has been a popular choice for foreign talents internationally, as mentioned above there are about 20,000 Koreans in Singapore. It remains one of the popular places for relocation for its reputation as a safe and orderly country to educated children in. For a business, we will like it to be set up in a politically safe developed country in  comparison  to a developing country with bad political situation. Government policies and regulations may change from time to time based on political stability and poses a risk for its foreign entities.  

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in Soils Essay -- Chemistry Chemical

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in Soils To most people, humus is a garlic-y chickpea spread for sandwiches or pita bread. However, to soil scientists, its something entirely different. Soil humus is a mixture of dark, colloidal organic compounds relatively resistant to decomposition. These compounds result from the decay of organic litter and accumulate in the O and A horizons of soils. Soil humus helps glue mineral particals into aggregates, giving structure to the soil and affecting soil stability. There are three main classifications of humus: fulvic acid, humic acid and humin. Humin is insoluble but fulvic and humic acids are soluble in dillute NaOH solution. Humic acids precipitate in acidic solution, but fulvic acids remain soluble. Humic molecules are incredibly varied in composition, but generally are characterized by: 1) many active chemical functional groups exposed to the surrounding solution for reaction with other substances in the solution. 2) a very large cross-linked and "folded" molecule with molecular weights in the hundreds of thousands of grams per molecule" (Miller and Donahue, 1990, p. 185). Humus has a large surface area per unit of mass and is highly charged (similar to clay), and individual humus molecules are dynamic and constantly changing form (but may remain humus for several thousand years). Humus includes sugar amines, nucleic acids, phospholipids, vitamins, sulfolipis, polysaccharides and many other unclassified compounds (Miller and Donahue, 1990). Figure 1 shows a hypothetical structure of a humic acid with many of the characteristic functional groups. Fulvic acid and humin have similar structures. The COOH and phenolic OH groups are weakly acidic, which give humus its pH b... ...II, the environmental conditions alone may determine the rate. (Melillo et al., 1989) Aber et al. supported this conclusion, but measured major differences in the nitrogen content during Phase II, indicating that only the carbon was uniform during this stage (Aber et al, 1990). Other researchers had also separated two stages of decomposition: early decay, when "free" cellulose decomposes quickly, and later decay, when cellulose is shielded by lignin and can be decayed only with the coprocessing of the lignin (Aber et al., 1990). In summary, through a series of complex reactions, microbes mediate the conversion of organic material such as leaves and twigs to the dark humus which colors and glues our soils. Without these processes, the soils would be loose, non-cemented dusts and no life would be able to grow on them, and the world would be a very different place.

Next Generation DNA Sequencing Technologies Biology Essay

Motivation: Recent technological promotions in the field of genomics have resulted in Following Generation DNA Sequencing Technologies. These engineerings have created ballyhoo among scientists since they enable inexpensive and faster sequencing of the DNA as compared to traditional methods. Data Analysis, Genome sequencing and alliances have now become easier due to the NGS. NGS are deriving the market twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours and there is a ferocious competition amongst companies to capture the market of bioinformatics. Nevertheless, NGS does hold some mistake profiles ; yet they have managed to revolutionise the field of bioinformatics and the perceptual experience of scientists on research and genome sequencing.debutDeoxyribonucleic acid sequencing has gained much popularity since 1977 when the sequencing method of Maxam and Gilbert every bit good as the Sanger sequencing method came to visible radiation ( Hutchison III, 2007 ) . However, the Sanger sequencing engin eering was more widely accepted and has captured the market for the past 20 old ages ( Metzker, 2010 ) . The Sanger engineering besides known as the dideoxy method ( Casals et al. , 2011 ) , played a important function in decoding the whole genome sequence and harmonizing to Metzker ( 2010 ) this technique has contributed to a batch of major accomplishments, viz. the Human Genome Project amongst many others. Bateman & A ; Quackenbush ( 2009 ) even back up that the major milepost of the Human Genome Project was the coming of panoply of new engineerings that emerged from sequencing the first mention genome and engineerings that enabled the DNA sequencing instead than completing the sequencing of the whole genome. It is true that the dideoxy method has been around for rather some clip now, but due to its restrictions and the new technological promotions, novel and more robust engineerings known as the Following Generation Technologies have seen the visible radiation of the twenty-four hours. The Sanger engineering is classified as the first coevals engineering and the latest engineerings developed for sequencing genomes fall in the class of Following Generation Technologies ( Metzker, 2010 ) . The chief advantage of the Following Generation Sequencing Technology is the fact that the genome can be sequenced in analogue, therefore bring forthing a larger figure of reads as compared to the Sanger method and in a much shorter sum of clip ( Hutchison III, 2007 ) . The high efficiency of the newer engineerings consequences from the fact that they use the latest instruments like high declaration imagination and more efficient algorithms amongst others. In general, the Following Generation Technologies use shorter reads to fix the procedure of sequencing ( Hutchison III, 2007 ) ; nevertheless, this raises the inquiry of whether the assembly of the short single reads is accurate plenty to bring forth the right sequence. From a scientific point of position, a larger figure of reads implies a greater coverage across the genome and therefore histories for the good truth in the genome assembly of the Following Generation Technologies. Hutchison III ( 2007 ) agrees to the fact that this is one of the grounds behind the truth and celerity of the newer engineerings. However, the genome size is another parametric quantity that has to be taken into consideration since it plays an of import function in finding the coverage. Furthermore, another benefit of the Following Generation Technologies is the ability to sequence genomes at a lower cost since harmonizing to Mardis ( n.d ) ; the new engineerings are far cheaper. Despite being fresh in the market, the Following Generation Technologies have captured a just portion of the industry and are doing scientists to look at biological jobs in a different position ( Mardis, 2008 ) . In this reappraisal, a few chief commercial Next Generation Technologies are discussed and a comparing is made among them. A biological application utilizing the Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer is described and the challenges that conventional bioinformatics is confronting due to Following Generation Technologies are besides brought frontward.Following Generation DNA SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGIESRecently, there has been a major roar in commercially available package for genome sequencing. The most celebrated 1s are Roche, Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer, Applied Biosystems SOLiDTM System, Helicos HeliscopeTM and Pacific Biosciences SMRT ( Mardis, 2008 ) .Roche 454/ FLX pyrosequencerRoche 454 DNA sequenator was released in twelvemonth 2004 ( Mardis, 2008 ) .The first measure to sequence the DNA involves a library readying where the Deoxyribonucleic acid sample is fragmented into smaller pieces of approximately 400 to 600 base brace. After that, A and B adapters are attached to the Deoxyribo nucleic acid fragments which are so split into individual strands. The single strands now have A and B adapters attached to them. The DNA library fragments are placed upon really bantam agarose beads such that one bead relates to merely one DNA fragment ( Mardis, 2008 ) . PCR reactants and emulsion oil is added to the solution which is shaken smartly so that the Polymerase concatenation reaction can be initiated. The beads are normally isolated in single H2O micelles where the Deoxyribonucleic acid fragments get replicated bring forthing about one million transcripts of each DNA fragment per bead ( 454LifeSciences, n.d ) . The beads are so placed on a PicoTiterPlate which contains little Wellss ; one for each bead. The well is besides filled with gaining control beads which contain an enzyme which helps in the sequence by synthesis attack that Roche uses ( 454LifeSciences, n.d ) . Once this readying has been done, the PicoTiterPlate is loaded in the Roche 454 machine. After that, the 4 bases solutions are loaded in the machine and are washed over the home base consecutive in one sequencing tally. Once, the base starts to adhere with the DNA fragment, the enzyme in the bead detects the incorporation of the base and finally releases visible radiation ( Mardis, 2008 ) . This light signal is detected by a CCDA camera and is recorded on a flowgram. Normally, the sum of visible radiation produced is dependent on the figure of bases incorporated ( 454LifeSciences, n.d ) . Finally, a set of flowgrams is obtained and analysed to bring forth DNA sequences which are so mapped against a mention sequence for assembly.Illumina/Solexa Genome AnalyserIllumina sequencing can be broken down into three stairss. The initial measure starts with the library readying in which the Deoxyribonucleic acid sample is sheared into fragments of about 800 base braces and two specific arrange rs are ligated to each terminal of the fragments. The following stage is known as bunch coevals in which Illumina uses span elaboration PCR to bring forth multiple transcripts of the DNA. Illumina uses an 8 channel flow cell incorporating a immense sum of primers bounded to its surface. The individual stranded Deoxyribonucleic acid fragments are so bound at random in the surface of channels of the flow cell to make transcripts ( Staehling, 2008 ) . A series of unlabeled bases and enzymes are washed over the channels to get down the span elaboration procedure. The individual stranded fragments go dual isolated during the reaction and they are denatured to obtain individual isolated molecules. This rhythm is repeated legion times which ends in 1000000s of bunchs of DNA molecules found in the channels of the flow cell ( Staehling, 2008 ) . Once cluster coevals has completed, the bunch are now ready for sequencing, which is the last phase. The flow cell is so loaded in Illumina which se quences 1000000s of bunchs at the same time. In the first rhythm, fluorescently labeled bases are added and all of them compete to adhere to the templet. Once the incorporation takes topographic point, the remainder of the bases are removed and the bunchs are excited by a optical maser to acquire a image of the flow cell and observe the freshly incorporated base. This procedure is repeated several times. Base naming is used to place the bases in the sequence images as shown in Figure 1. A mention genome is besides used to ease sequencing and analysis ( Staehling, 2008 ) . Fig. . Stairss in Illumina Sequencing ( Goldstein, 2009 )Applied Biosystems SOLiDTM SystemApplied Biosystems DNA sequencing is divided into five stairss viz. sample readying, Emulsion PCR, Ligation, Imaging and Data Analysis severally. Two picks for sample readying are available viz. a fragment library or a mate-pair library. In both picks, the Deoxyribonucleic acid is sheared and arrangers are ligated to the fragments. A fragment library incorporates a individual piece of DNA fragment while a mate-pair library binds two pieces of DNA which are at a known distance in the sample. The libraries contain legion molecules and each molecule undergoes clonal elaboration under emulsion PCR. The sample is so enriched with magnetic beads which are so covalently bonded to a glass slide. Applied Biosystems provides the flexibleness to analyze one, four or eight samples per slide. The templet beads are so assorted with a cosmopolitan sequence primer, ligase and a batch of Di-base investigations. The latter are fluorescently labelled with four dyes. Each dye represents four of the 16 dinucleotide bases. The template sequence gets hybridised with the investigation and is ligated. Once fluorescence is measured, the dye is cleaved off go forthing a 3-5 premier phosphate for farther reaction. This procedure can be repeated n times to widen the read length which is usually 35 base brace ( Mardis, 2008 ) . The synthesised strand is removed and a new primer is formed which has a one base displacement and ligation rhythms are repeated. The primer reset procedure is repeated for 5 unit of ammunitions. Bar encryption and the decryption matrix is normally used to garner the sequenced informations for analysis ( Yutao et al. , 2008 ) .Heliscope TMHeliscope uses the individual molecular sequencing attack. The Deoxyribonucleic acid sample is cut in short lengths of about 100-200 base brace ( Wash & A ; Image, 2008 ) .A poly ( A ) priming cosmopolitan sequence is added to the 3 premier ter minal of each Deoxyribonucleic acid strand. Each strand is so attached to a fluorescent adenosine polynucleotide. The strands are so transferred onto the heliscope flow cell which contains many T gaining control sites that are spread on its surface. Each single DNA templet so hybridizes to the surface of the flow cell. The flow cell is loaded into the HeliscopeTM instrument and a optical maser enlightens its surface demoing the place of each fluorescently labelled templet. A CCDA camera is used to bring forth a map of the templets by taking multiple images of the flow cell in an organized manner. After imaging, the templet label is cleaved and washed off. Sequencing takes topographic point by adding DNA polymerase and any fluorescently labelled nucleotide to the flow cell. T gaining control sites service sequencing primers by the tSMS procedure ( Wash & A ; Image, 2008 ) . DNA polymerase speeds up the binding of the labeled bases to the set of primers harmonizing to the templet. A w ash up procedure removes the Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase and any boundless bases. The recent incorporation is so visualised by lighting and imaging the flow cell surface. The cleavage is so removed and the procedure is repeated in the same manner for all the staying bases until the desired read length is achieved. Sequencing informations is gathered with each new base add-on. Using the tSMS procedure, every strand is alone and sequenced independently ( Wash & A ; Image, 2008 ) .Pacific Biosciences SMRTPacific Biosciences uses the individual molecule attack in a existent clip manner, hence SMRT. First, the single bases are labeled with a different fluorescent coloring material which is attached to the terminal phosphate alternatively of the base of the base. This characteristic allows the DNA polymerase enzyme to split off the fluorescent label when a base is incorporated. The undermentioned procedure emits light which can be captured in a nano-photonic chamber known as the Zero Mode Waveguide ( Metzker, 2010 ) . Nucleotides flow in and out of the chamber of the ZMW and when DNA polymerase initiates the incorporation of a base, it takes several nanoseconds during which its fluorescent label is excited and the visible radiation emitted is captured by a sensor. After adhering, the label is cleaved away and it diffuses off. The whole procedure is repeated and the different explosion of visible radiations corresponds to different bases which are recorded and analysed by research workers ( Metzker, 2010 ) .Comparison of the platformsTable.Comparison of the Following Coevals Platforms The mentions [ 1 ] and [ 2 ] refers to ( Gupta et al. , 2010 ) and ( Metzker, 2010 ) severally. There are some disagreements between the two documents refering the throughput, run clip and read length. Metzker states that one of the advantages of Illumina is the fact that it is widely popular which does non represent a truly strong point.Biological ApplicationNGS Technologies can be used to happen the places of nucleosomes with regard to DNA which can be helpful to understand their function in the ordinance of written text ( Schones et al. , 2008 ) .Schones et Al. ( 2008 ) describes the experimental processs in different phases. The first measure involved the readying of the nucleosome solution. In this stage, CD4 + T cells were incubated with anti CD3 and anti CD28 so as to trip the cells for 18 hours. After that, the T cells were treated with MNASE to bring forth the mononucleosomes. Deoxyribonucleic acid fragments of about 150 base braces in length were obtained from the agarose gel and ligated to the Solexa flow cells. These were so sequenced utilizing the Illumina/Solexa Genome Sequencing machine. The following stage involved the analysis of all the informations being generated from the sequenator. Solexa grapevine analysis was the first one to be carried out where sequenced reads of 25 base brace was mapped to the human genome ( hg18 ) and merely the duplicate 1s were kept and others discarded. Nucleosome marking was facilitated since the sequenced reads acted as an input in the marking map to bring forth a nucleosome profile. This was achieved by utilizing a skiding window of about 10 base brace. The following measure involved sorting cistron sets and this was achieved utilizing microarray experiments. Polymerase II procrastinating analysis was carried out in an mRNA-level based attack so as to place which cistrons contained stalled, elongated or no Polymerase II. The sequence reads were so modelled as a Poisson distribution of the whole genome to descry the sliding window with Polymerase II. Each cistron set was so aligned so as to analyse the Transcription start site found near the cistrons. Nucleosome degrees specific to a nucleosome place were so quantified by utilizing aligned reads and window values. At the terminal of the experiments, the consequences found by the research workers stated the nucleosome place relation to DNA had a direct correlativity with written text ordinance affecting RNA polymerase II binding. Some of the experiments consequences can be depicted in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 severally. Fig. . Maping Nucleosome Positions by the Solexa Sequencing Technique ( Schones et al. , 2008 ) Fig. . Nucleosome phasing environing TSSs ( Schones et al. , 2008 ) Fig. Nucleosome Phasing near TSSs Is Correlated with Pol II Binding ( Schones et al. , 2008 )ChallengeFollowing coevals sequencing engineerings have so created a revolution refering DNA sequencing and has opened the doors to a new field which is really different from that of traditional sequencing methods. There is a ferocious competition between companies to bring forth up to day of the month, fast and dependable sequencing methods. However, despite all the advantages that NGS brought along, they still pose several challenges to the field of bioinformatics.Data DelugeFollowing Generation sequencing engineerings are taking at bring forthing immense sum of informations and at a lower monetary value ( Kircher & A ; Kelso, 2010 ) . In fact, it is even possible to contemplate the option of sequencing the whole genome of an being at merely $ 1000 in the close hereafter ( Pareek et al. , 2011 ) . All these new sequencing informations seems truly appealing at one terminal but considered sig nifier another point of position, it might go debatable in the long tally. The mere fact of cut downing the cost of sequencing or sequencing engineerings implies that sequencing will be easy accessible. This implies that, any research lab or even people at place would be able to sequence genomes. In this current epoch itself, information handling is rather boring with all the databases holding portion of the information and some non holding them at all. New organisational ways and protocols will hold to be defined to guarantee that there exists a consensus between all the information that will come pouring into the databases. Optimized filters will be needed to distinguish between debris informations, duplicated informations and equal informations. Even new databases or information warehouses will hold to be built to guarantee none of the information is wasted and everything has been kept in a standardized format.ResourcesThe fact that NGS is traveling at such a immense gait raises the inquiry of whether the current province of hardware and package will be able to manage the burden of information that it will be bring forthing. Fig. Historical tendencies in storage monetary values versus DNA sequencing costs ( Stein, 2010 ) The graph in Figure 4 denotes the rate at which the cost of DNA sequencing per $ is increasing every bit compared to that of the difficult disc storage. It can besides be seen that the NGS causes a immense displacement in the sum of informations per $ and even by-passing the rate of disc storage. This information is cardinal because it shows that disc infinite or storage of high throughput informations might go debatable in the close hereafter. More processing power and RAM will hold to be allocated to the NGS applications for them to run swimmingly. Cloud computer science can be a solution to this peculiar issue but it depends on the sum of information that is generated every bit good. If cloud computer science is brought in the image, so new algorithms and parallel computer science will hold to be implemented to manage this job.Huge assortment, less consensusNowadays, there is a broad assortment of commercially available NGS engineerings. However, there is no consensus about the re ad length, throughput or runtime of the bundles which can be demonstrated by Table 1. Choosing which bundle is optimum for sequence alliance sometimes go really boring since the truth of each is non definite and standardized. Developing even newer engineerings can make more havoc about truth, therefore the demand for standardisation foremost.DecisionNGS engineerings have provided a batch of installations in footings of Deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing to the life scientists. When compared to the Sanger sequencing, NGS engineerings sequencing is much cheaper and faster. Nevertheless, Sanger sequencing remains one of the basic pillars of DNA sequencing since the mistake rates and profiles are much less as compared to that of NGS engineerings ( Kircher & A ; Kelso, 2010 ) . Equally long as the genome will stay a enigma to the scientists, the coming of following coevals engineerings will go on in order to decode the familial codification.

Justice in the Media essays

Justice in the Media essays Peace and justice issues are often difficult to illustrate in the media and even harder to become informed on. One must make sure to research properly and critique greatly the sources from which he receives the information. Analysis of sources is a key factor in forming an opinion on anything especially when mass media is involved. The speakers involved in the class lecturing all agree that understanding where and from whom information comes is tremendously important. All three referred to gathering knowledge from the news media as interpreting the media. The term interpreting proves personally interesting due to the fact that understanding the news the public is presented with day-in and day-out is truly a challenge task just as is interpreting something from another language. Bill Plante showed the importance of critical thinking and questioning when learning something from the media, especially when from a biased source. One must understand that some businesses or networks have preset political or other such views that affect the spin on the story. The public must take into account that they are possibly not getting the full story or at least that in just the way news is presented their opinion will be slanted. Viewers must also be wary of polls and statistics being altered or misrepresented. Most importantly viewers must use their minds first and foremost to question and analyze, and not be too quick to believe what they hear. Leslie Ramyk also posed an interesting take on interpreting news in the media. Her first hand account of what it is like to be in the media proved extremely helpful in the comprehension of how biases affect information presented in the news. Important points she made were that of posing questions, and just getting things said. Her program Concerning Chicago dealt w ...

Loneliness in John Steinbeck s Novel “of Mice and Men “ Essays

Loneliness in John Steinbeck s Novel â€Å"of Mice and Men â€Å" Essays Loneliness in John Steinbeck s Novel â€Å"of Mice and Men â€Å" Paper Loneliness in John Steinbeck s Novel â€Å"of Mice and Men â€Å" Paper Essay Topic: Of Mice and Men Of Mice and Men is a powerful and moving novel by John Steinbeck, telling of two men following their dream of independence in the midst of the Depression. The story begins in the foothills of Salinas, California, in the middle of the Great Depression. Throughout this entire novel, there are many examples of loneliness. Steinbeck stresses the theme of loneliness through the characters working on the ranch, particularly Crooks, Candy, and Curleys wife. George and Lennie are two ranch hands that travel together, with George watching over the mentally inferior Lennie. When they start work at a new ranch, several different characters are introduced. One affliction that seems to face several characters is loneliness, created by factors such as the character’s lifestyles and by social standards of the time period. The book begins with a calm and peaceful setting of nature. ‘A few miles south of Soledad, the Salinas River drops close to the hill-side and runs deeps and green. The water is warm too, for it has slipped twinkling over the sands in the sunlight before reaching the narrow pool. This shows the peaceful world of nature, it is very calm and tranquil. The pool shows signs of innocence, as it are only a branch of the Salinas River. The river is a sign of the secrets and the future in nature and the novel. The deep green makes it unable to see the riverbed; this shows signs of a faint and perhaps a dangerous view of the future. Despite the movement and the motion of the river, there are still signs of loneliness; there is only the c yclical of nature. The language Steinbeck uses to describe the setting is sophisticated and formal. Steinbeck’s theme that loneliness is unhealthy and dangerous to a person’s well being is emphasized throughout the novel. This underlying theme is first introduced in the novel when George talks to Lennie about the advantage they have over other travelling workers of the time. Steinbeck presents the theme of loneliness through the characters. The language he uses to describe the landscape and characters show signs of loneliness. The character’s past reflect their loneliness and the death of both Candy’s dog and Lennie create the major theme of loneliness. Nature and animals play a large role in the story, the main comparison of man and nature is when Lennie is described as a bear. George described how other ranch hands like themselves who travelled alone had nothing to look forward to, and no one to look after them. He told Lennie how other workers would just work up a stake and blow it at a bar because they had no where else to go, no one else to look after them. George and Lennie share a bond so strong that when one is destroyed, the other inevitably is as well. Steinbeck often stresses how ranchers are loners, and George and Lennie are the only ones who travel in pairs. They seem to be two halves of the same person, and they know how special together they truly are. Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world They got no family. They dont belong no place They aint got nothing to look ahead to With us, it aint like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us . George appreciates Lennie’s friendship because he knows that being alone can lead to a more negative view on life. Towards the end of section one, before George and Lennie reach the ranch, they camp for the night in a beautiful clearing and George assures Lennie of their special relationship. In this passage, George explains their friendship, which forms the heart of the novel. One of the first friends they make on arrival at the new ranch is a man named Candy. Candy is another character who deals with loneliness. He is the oldest man on the ranch and is disabled. The only work he can do is cleaning out the bunkhouse and other odd jobs. His only companion is his old dog who stays by his side. His only company, his faithful, old, blind, toothless dog, is stripped away from him and killed. Now left with nothing Candy fears that he will be treated the same way in the future and begs Lennie and George to let him work on their future ranch. Candy says, I wont have no place to go, an I cant get no more jobs. Candy says this because he knows after he gets canned he wont have anything to live for, he will just live out in the country all by himself. After Carlson shot Candy’s dog, reality hit because he can’t work because of his missing hand and he lost his only friend he had for years. When candy was ease dropping on George and Lennie’s conversation about their future plans when they get enough money, he was eager to join and help out because he had nothing left at the ranch for example â€Å"I’d make a will an’ leave my share to you guys incase I kick off, cause I ain’t got no relatives nor nothing† (59). This quote relates to loneliness because once Candy dies, he doesn’t have no family or friends to leave his belongings to and there’s nothing else on the ranch Candy can do so he might as well leave with George and Lennie. Crooks is an African American who experiences loneliness and isolation in the ranch. First of all, Crooks fascination to George and Lennies friendship demonstrates his loneliness and solitude. As Crooks says hesitatingly, If you guys would want a hand to work for nothing- just his keep, why Id come an lend a hand. I aint so crippled I cant work like a son-of-a-bitch if I want to. (76). Crooks shows that he can do everything to be with others. Crooks aspires to find a friendship by joining the dream of George and Lennie, to live off the fatta the lan' (14) with them. This is Crooks desperate attempt to make friends and be with others in order to overcome the loneliness and isolation he faces in the ranch. Moreover, the the jealousy and curiosity of George and Lennies friendship lead to Crooks desire to make friends with Lennie. Crooks expresses his loneliness and anguish to Lennie, A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Dont make no difference who the guy is, longs hes with you. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely and he gets sick. (72). Curley’s wife is one of the loneliest characters in the novel; she has no identity, she is seen as an object, a possession of Curley’s She wants attention and by gaining that attention, she act the way people think. Curley’s wife tries to talk to somebody besides her own husband, whom she can never find, but everybody in the ranch refuses, due to her husband’s reactions and anger problems when somebody tries to talk to her. She likes to dress up and wear a lot of make up, to attract the men. The men on the other hand do not flirt with her, as they are afraid of what Curly might do. For example Curley’s wife was trying to talk to Lennie when he was alone in the barn but Lennie refuses because George warns him about her. â€Å"I get lonely, you can talk to people but I can’t talk to nobody but curly† (87). This quotation relates to loneliness because no one, not even Lennie, will have a conversation with Curley’s wife and that’s all she pleads for. Like Curley’s wife, Crooks also has no name, it is just a nickname the other ranch-hands use because he is crippled. He is intelligent and very well organised; he has his own room where he keeps his books and possessions. For him, his room is a haven or an oasis. ‘For, being alone, Crooks could leave his things about†¦this room was swept and fairly neat, for Crooks was a proud, aloof man. ’ This shows signs of isolation, as there is no one to comment on the tidiness of his room. He feels isolated and bitter. He is the victim of oppressive violence and prejudice on the ranch. When he first meets Lennie, there is an immediate rejection of friendship mainly due to the anguish of his loneliness. ‘Well, I got a right to have a light. You go on get outa my room. I ain’t wanted in the bunkhouse, and you ain’t wanted in my room. ’ He does not know that Lennie is unlike the other men, he has been criticised and made fun off, so he does not appreciate the company of others until he gets to know them and their attitude towards him. He tells Lennie of his hopes of having some one to talk to. ‘I tell ya a guy gets too lonely, an’ he gets sick. ’ He admits to feeling isolated, he wishes for a friend to talk to. For a moment, Lennie seems to be a new friend, Lennie sees Crooks as an individual, a person in his own right. Crooks respects him for this and is excited about his new companionship. Again the reader only finds this out when Crooks tells Lennie about his feelings. Crooks admits to not having a dream as he is afraid of disappointment, he does however get caught up in working with George and Lennie in the dream farm. His hopes are shattered by George’s dismissive attitude. ‘I didn’ mean it. Jus foolin’. I wouldn’t want to go no place like that. ’ The lonely characters feel they can confide in Lennie, as they know he will not tell anyone. Crooks is treated as an outcast due to the perspective of race and black people of the time. Black people were seen as outcasts that had no right to mix with the whites. Curley is a small ex-boxer. He is one of the most violent characters on the ranch. He hopes that by being violent and aggressive towards the weaker characters, he will gain authority. He however avoids those he considers to be strong and with authority, such as Slim. He sees everyone with a lower status and sees people as a ladder. Through this novel, Steinbeck illustrates the loneliness results from racial discrimination and prejudice in ranch life during that time period. He demonstrates that the extreme loneliness would eventually lead to peoples desperate attempts at making friends. Loneliness, is humans major enemy that caused by discrimination and prejudice among humans. Only friendship can prevent humans from suffering from loneliness.